Nama : Anisa nur fauziah
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DIRECT DAN INDIRECT SPEECH
PENGERTIAN DIRECT DAN INDIRECT SPEECH
Direct Speech - (Percakapan langsung) adalah suatu bentuk percakapan yang mengarahkan untuk meniru kata-kata atau secara langsung dikatakan tanpa ada perantara atau melaporkan yang dikatakan oleh orang lain. biasanya digunakan tanda kutip ("...") untuk mempertegas kata Direct Speech ini.
Indirect Speech - (Percakapan tidak langsung) sesuai dengan artinya indirect speech itu adalah kebalikan dari direct speech yaitu suatu percakapan yang mengarahkan untuk melaporkan atau menyampaikan apa yang dikatakan oleh orang lain. dan biasanya diaahkan menggunakan Noun Clause atau anak kalimat yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda atau noun.
CARA PENGGUNAAN DIRECT DAN INDIRECT SPEECH
1. Dengan menggunakan Tenses
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Indirect
Speech (Kalimat Tidak Langsung)
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He said, “I watch TV every day.”
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He said (that) he watched TV
every day.
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He said, “I am
watching TV every day.”
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He said he was
watching TV every day.
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He said, “I have watched TV every day.”
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He said he had
watched TV every day.
|
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Simple Past Tense
He said, “I watched TV
every day.”
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2. Dengan menggunakan Modal Auxiliary
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Using
Modal Auxiliaries
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Using
Modal Auxiliaries
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He said, “I will watch TV every day.”
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He said he would watch TV
every day.
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He said, “I am going to watch TV every day.”
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He said he was
going to watch TV every day.
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He said, “I can watch TV every day.”
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He said he could
watch TV every day.
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He said, “I may watch TV every day.”
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He said he might
watch TV every day.
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He said, “I might watch TV every day.”
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He said he might
watch TV every day.
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He said, “I must watch TV every day.”
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He said he had
to watch TV every day.
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He said, “I have to watch TV every day.”
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He said he had
to watch TV every day.
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He said, “I should watch TV every day.”
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He said he should
watch TV every day.
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He said, “I ought to watch TV every day.”
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He said he ought
to watch TV every day.
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He said, “Watch TV!”
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He told me
to watch TV.
|
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He said, “Do you watch TV?”
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He asked
(me) if I watched TV.
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NB : Jika kata kerja si Pelapor atau Kata kerja utama dari Kalimat, kalau contoh diatas adalah "said" maka, dalam bentuk lampau, dan kata kerja pada anak kalimat itu biasanya juga akan menggunakan bentuk yang lampau atau sudah terjadi.
lalu ketika kata kerja si Pelapor itu menggunakan tenses simple present tenses, present perfect tenses atau simple future tenses, maka kata kerjanya yang digunakan pada anak kalimat itu tidak berubah
Contohnya:
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She says, “I watch TV every day.”
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She says (that) she watches TV every day.
|
|
She has said, “I watch TV every day.”
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She has said that
she watches TV every day.
|
|
She will say, “I watch TV every day.”
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She will say that
she watches TV every day.
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Dan untuk memudahkan, lihat lah tabel di bawah ini untuk tahu bentuk lampau dari Modal Auxiliary itu sendiri:
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Simple
Present
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Simple
Past
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Can
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Could
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May
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Might
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Must / have to
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Had to
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Will
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Would
|
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NB: Tidak ada bentuk Past (lampau)
untuk: Should dan Ought to
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CONTOH CARA PENULISAN DIRECT SPEECH
1. Quoting One Sentence (Mengutip dari satu kalimat)
Contoh penulisan:
She said, “My father is a farmer.”
“My father is a farmer,” she said.
“My father,” she said, “is a farmer.”
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Dari ketiga contoh penulisan
percakapan langsung (Direct Speech) di atas, contoh
penulisan yang pertama adalah yang lazim digunakan.
|
|
She said, “My father is a farmer.”
Artinya: Dia berkata, “Ayah saya
adalah seorang petani.”
|
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Cara penulisannya: Gunakan
tanda koma setalah She said. Gunakan huruf besar pada kata
pertama setelah tanda kutip. Kemudian beri tanda kutip lagi setelah tanda
titik diakhir kalimat.
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2. Quoting More Than One Sentence (Mengutip lebih dari satu kalimat)
Contoh penulisan:
“My father is a farmer. He is going to the rice barn,” she said.
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(rice barn = lumbung padi)
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Cara penulisannya: Tanda kutip
digunakan pada awal dan akhir dari kutipan lengkap. Catatan: Tidak ada tanda
kutip lagi setelah katafarmer.
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3. Quoting a Question or an Exclamation (Mengutip kalimat tanya atau kala seru)
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She asked, “When will you be here?”
Artinya: Dia bertanya, “Kapan kamu
akan kesini?”
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Penempatan tanda tanya diletakkan di dalam tanda kutip.
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“When will you be here?” she asked.
Artinya: “Kapan kamu akan kesini?”
dia bertanya.
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Jika tanda tanya
digunakan, tidak perlu lagi menggunakan tanda koma sebelum She asked
|
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She said, “Watch out!”
Artinya: Dia berkata, “hati-hati!”
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Penempatan tanda seru diletakkan di dalam tanda kutip
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Dari semua yang dibahas diatas semoga berguna, dan dapat mempermudah pembelajaran. ada kesalahan dan ketidak cocokkan saya minta maaf, terima kasih.
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